Author

Qi Liu

Founder

Qi Liu founded Open Variable Research and is responsible for its published judgments, evidence standards, revisions, and corrections.

Research responsibility

Published work separates disclosed facts, established theory, institutional views, analytical interpretation, and conditional scenarios. Each publication states what would strengthen, weaken, revise, or withdraw its conclusion.

The author profile does not imply external peer review or an institutional team that has not been disclosed.

Read the research integrity policy ->